Dear medical students, it is very important for you to understand the overall pattern, syllabus and paper composition of entrance test so that you can have clear understanding of the importance of all subjects.
This document will guide you in detail about all above aspect of this test.
Following Four subjects are included in syllabus of the ETEA Entrance test:
| Sr. Num | Subject | Number of Questions in Paper |
| 1 | Biology | 80 |
| 2 | Chemistry | 60 |
| 3 | Physics | 40 |
| 4 | English | 20 |
| Total Number of Questions | 200 |
Important points to note:
There is no negative marking in the test; you can attempt all questions without any fear of negative marking.
Total Number of Questions: 200
Total Time for Test: 2 Hours & 30 Minutes
Total Marks of paper: 200 Marks
According to the KMU
- The pattern of Question Paper is generally to be in conformance but, not limited to the guidelines given.
- The above guidelines are meant for general facilitation of students. Final paper setting is the sole prerogative of KP ETEA, however.
BIOLOGY
Read article on: Best Techniques and Guidelines for the Preparation of Biology
1. Cell Structure & Function
a. Techniques used in Cell Biology
b. Cell Wall and Plasma Membrane
c. Cytoplasm and Organelles
d. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
2. Biological Molecules
a. Biological Molecules in Protoplasm
b. Importance of water
c. Carbohydrates Classification (monosaccharaides, Disaccharides and Polysaccharides) and their role.
d. Proteins (Amino Acids and peptide linkages, globular and fibrous proteins) and its role.
e. Lipids Classification (Acylglycerls, phospholipids, waxes and terpenes)
f. Nucleic Acids (Nucleotides and Phosphodiester Linkage, DNA, RNA, ATP and NAD)
g. Conjugated Molecules (Glycolipids, glycoproteins, lipoproteins and nucleoproteins)
3. Enzymes
a. Structure of enzymes
b. Mechanism of enzyme action
c. Factors affecting the rate of enzymatic action
d. Enzyme inhibition (Competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors)
e. Classification of Enzymes
4. Bioenergetics
a. Photosynthesis
i. Role of Light
ii. Role of Photosynthesis Pigments – Absorption Spectrum and Action Spectrum
iii. Role of Carbon Dioxide
iv. Role of Water
v. Mechanism of Photosynthesis
b. Cellular Respiration
i. Aerobic and anaerobic respiration
ii. Mechanism of respiration
iii. Synthesis of ATP – Chemiosmosis and Substrate – level Phosphorylation
iv. Photorespiration
5. A cellular Life
a. Viruses
b. Parasitic Nature of viruses
c. Life cycle of bacteriophage
d. Life Cycle of HIV
e. Viral Diseases (Hepatitis, Herpes, Polio ad Leaf Curl virus disease of cotton)
f. Prions and Viroids (Structure and examples of disease caused by them)
6. Prokaryotes
a. Taxonomy of Prokaryotes
b. Achaea
c. Bacteria; Ecology and Diversity
d. Structure, shape and Size of Bacteria
e. Modes of Nutrition in Bacteria
f. Growth and Reproduction in Bacteria
g. Importance of Bacteria
h. The Bacterial Flora of Humans
i. Control of Harmful Bacteria
7. Protists and Fungi
a. Protists – the evolutionary relationships
b. Major groups of protists (Protozoa, Algae, Myxomycota, Oomycota)
c. General characteristics of fungi
d. Diversity among fungi (Zygomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota)
e. Importance of Fungi
8. Diversity among plants
a. The evolutionary origin of plants
b. Nonvascular plants
c. Seedless vascular plants, evolution of leaf
d. Seed plants, gymnosperm and angiosperm, Evolution of Seed
9. Diversity among animals
a. Characteristics of animals
b. Criteria of animal classification
c. Diversity in animals, invertebrates and vertebrates
10. Form and Functions in plants
a. Nutrition in plants
b. Gaseous exchange in plants
c. Transport in plants
d. Homeostasis in plants (Osmotic adjustment and thermoregulation in plants)
e. Support in plants (support in herbaceous and woody plants)
f. Growth and development in Plants
g. Growth responses in Plants
11. Digestion
a. Digestive system of Man
b. Disorders related to digestive system and food habits (ulcer, food poisoning, obesity,
dyspepsia, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa)
12. Circulation
a. Blood Circulatory System of Man
i. Heart
ii. Blood vessels
iii. Blood pressure and its measurement
iv. Cardiovascular disorders
v. Lymphatic system of man
13. Immunity
a. First Line of Defense (Skin, Digestive Tract, Air Passageway)
b. Second Line of Defense (The nonspecific defenses such as killing cells of blood, protective
Proteins, inflammatory response, temperature response)
c. Third line of Defense – The specific defenses (inborn and acquired immunity, Cell
Mediated and antibody mediated immunity)
d. Disorders of immune system (allergies, autoimmune diseases, transplant rejections)
14. Respiration
a. Respiratory system of man
b. Respiratory disorders
15. Homeostasis
a. Osmoregulation
b. Excretion
c. Excretory system of man (structure and function of kidney)
d. Disorders of Urinary Tract
e. Thermoregulation
16. Support and Movement
a. Human Skeleton
b. Disorder of Skeleton
c. Muscles
17. Nervous Coordination
a. Nervous system of Man
b. Effects of drugs on nervous coordination
c. Disorders of nervous system
18. Chemical Coordination
a. Hormones – the chemical messengers
b. Endocrine system of man (glands with location, secretions, and imbalance)
19. Behavior
a. The nature of Behavior
b. Innate Behavior
c. Learning
d. Social Behavior
20. Reproduction
a. Reproductive System of Male and female and their hormonal regulations
b. Disorders of reproductive system
c. Sexually transmitted disease
21. Development and aging
a. Embryonic Development
b. Control of development
c. Human embryonic development
d. Birth and nursing
e. Disorders during embryonic development
f. Postnatal development
g. Aging
22. Inheritance
a. Law of Independent Assortment (probabilities)
b. Incomplete Dominance, Multiple alleles and co-dominance
c. ABO Blood Group System
d. RH blood Group system and Erythroblastosis foetalis
e. Polygenic inheritance and epistatsis
f. Gene Linkage and crossing over
g. Sex determination
h. Sex linkage (drosophila and man, X- Linked Disorders, sex limited and sex influenced
traits)
23. Chromosomes and DNA
a. Chromosomal theory of inheritance
b. DNA as the hereditary material
c. DNA replication (Meselson and Stahi experiments and mechanism)
d. Gene Expression (Gene code, transcription, translation)
e. Regulating Gene Expression
f. Mutation (Chromosomal and Gene Mutations)
24. Evolution
a. The evolution of the concept of evolution
b. Evidences of evolution
c. Evolution from prokaryotes to eukaryotes
d. Lamarckism
e. Darwinism
f. Neo – Darwinism
25. Man and His Environment
a. Biogeochemical cycle (water cycle and nitrogen cycle)
b. The flow of energy ( productivity, Trophic levels)
c. Ecological Succession
d. Population dynamics
e. Human Impact on Environment (nuclear Power, CO2 and Global Warming, Acid Rain,
Ozone Depletion, common pollution sources)
f. Environmental resources and their depletion
26. Biotechnology
a. Gene Cloning
b. DNA Sequencing
c. DNA Analysis
d. Genome Maps
e. Tissue Culture
CHEMISTRY
1. Stoichiometry
a. Mole and Avogadro’s Number
b. Mole Calculations
c. Percentage Composition
d. Excess and Limiting Reagents
e. Theoretical Yield and Actual yield as percentage
2. Atomic Structure
a. Discharge Tube Experiments
b. Application of Bohr’s Model
c. Planck’s Quantum Theory
d. X-Rays
e. Quantum Numbers and Orbitals
f. Electronic configuration
3. Theories of Covalent Bonding and Shapes of Molecules
a. Shapes of Molecules
b. Theories of Covalent Bonding
c. Bond Characteristics
d. Effect of Bonding on Physical and Chemical Properties
4. States of Matter 1 : Gases
a. Kinetic Molecular theory of gases
b. Absolute temperature scale on basis of Charles law
c. Avogadro’s Law
d. Ideal Gas Equation
e. Deviation from ideal gas behavior
f. Van Der Waals Equation
g. Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure
h. Graham’s law of diffusion and effusion
i. Liquefaction of gases.
j. Fourth State of Matter : Plasma
5. States of Matter 2 : Liquid
a. Kinetic Molecular Interpretation of Liquids
b. Intermolecular forces (Van Der Waals Forces)
c. Energetics of Phase Changes
d. Liquid Crystals
6. States of Matter 3 : Solids
a. Kinetic Molecular interpretation of solids
b. Types of solids
c. Properties of crystalline solids
d. Crystal Lattice
e. Types of crystalline Solids
7. Chemical Equilibrium
a. Reversible Reactions and Dynamic Equilibrium
b. Factors affecting Equilibrium (Le-Chatelier’s Principle)
c. Industrial Application of Le-Chatelier’s Principle (Haber’s Process)
d. Solubility Product & Precipitation Reactions
e. Common Ion Effect
8. Acids, Bases & Salts
a. Acidic, Basic and Atmospheric Substances
b. Bronsted-Lowery Definitions of Acids and Bases
c. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs
d. Expressing the strength of acids and bases
e. Lewis definition of acids and bases
f. Buffer solutions and their applications
g. Salt hydrolysis
9. Chemical Kinetics
a. Chemical Kinetics
b. Rates of reactions
c. Collision Theory, Transition State and activation energy
d. Catalysis
10. Solutions and colloids
a. General Properties of Solutions
b. Concentration Units
c. Rault’s Law
d. Colligative properties of dilute solutions
e. Colloids
11. Thermochemistry
a. Energy in chemical reactions
b. Thermodynamics
c. Internal Energy
d. First Law of thermodynamics
e. Standard State and Standard Enthalpy Changes
f. Heat Capacity
g. Calorimeter
h. Hess’s Law : Enthalpy Change Calculations
i. Born Haber Cycle
12. Electrochemistry
a. Oxidation-Reduction Concepts
b. Electrode, electrode potential and electrochemical series
c. Types of electrochemical cells
13. S- and P- Block Elements
a. Period 3 (Na to Ar)
i. Physical and atomic properties of the elements
ii. Reaction of Period 3 elements with water, Oxygen and chlorine
iii. Physical Properties of oxides
iv. Acid-Base behavior of the Oxides
v. Chlorides of the Period 3 Elements
vi. Hydroxides of the Period 3 Elements
b. Group 1 Elements
i. Atomic and Physical Properties
ii. Trends in Reactivity with Water
iii. Reactions with Oxygen
iv. Reactions with Chlorine
v. Effects of Heat on Nitrates, Carbonates and Hydrogen-Carbonates
vi. Flame Tests
c. Group 2 Elements
i. Atomic and PhysicalProperties
ii. Trends in Reactivity with water
iii. Reaction with oxygen and Nitrogen
iv. Trends in Solubility of the Hydroxides, Sulphates and Carbonates
v. Trends in thermal stability of the nitrates and carbonates
vi. How beryllium differs from other members of its group?
d. Group 4 Elements
i. Physical Properties : Melting and Boiling Points
ii. The trend from Non-Metal to Metal
iii. Oxidation State
iv. Possible Oxidation States (Inert Pair Effect in formation of Ionic and covalent Bonds)
v. Chlorides of Carbon, Silicone and Lead (structures, stability and reactions with water)
vi. Oxides
e. Group 7 Elements: Halagens
i. Atomic and Physical Properties and related trends
ii. Bond Enthalpies in Halogens and hydrogen halides
iii. Strength of halogens as oxidizing agents : F>Cl>Br>I
iv. The acidity of hydrogen halides
v. Halide ions as reducing agents and trend in halide strength, ability of halide Ions
14. D & F Block Elements : Transition Elements
a. General features
i. Electronic structure
ii. Binding Energy
iii. Variable oxidation states
iv. Catalytic activity
v. Magnetic behavior
vi. Alloy formation
b. Coordination Compounds
c. Chemistry of Some Important Transition elements
i. Vanadium
ii. Chromium
iii. Manganese
iv. Iron
v. Copper
15. Organic Compounds
a. Sources
b. Coal as a source of organic compounds
c. Characteristics of organic compounds
d. Uses of organic compounds
e. New Allotrope of Carbon :bucky ball
f. Functional groups and homologous series
g. Detection of element in organic compounds
16. Hydrocarbons
a. Types of Hydrocarbons
b. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
c. Radical Substitution reactions
d. Oxidation of organic compounds
e. Alkenes
f. Isomerism
g. Alkynes
h. Benzene and substituted Benzenes
17. Alkyl Halides and Amines
a. Alkyl Halides
b. Organometallic compounds (Grignard’s reagents)
c. Amines
18. Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
a. Nomenclatures
b. Physical Properties
c. Structures
d. Acidity
e. Preparations of Alcohols
f. Reactions
g. Differences among them
h. Chemical Reactivity
19. Carbonyl Compounds 1:
a. Aldehydes and Ketones
b. Nomenclature
c. Physical Properties
d. Acidity Structure
e. Preparations of Aldehydes and Ketones
f. Reactivity
g. Reactions of Aldehydes and ketones
20. Carbonyl Compounds 2:
a. Carboxylic acid and functional derivatives
b. Nomenclature
c. Physical Properties
d. Structure
e. Preparations of Carboxylic Acids
f. Reactivity
g. Reactions of Carboxylic Acids
21. Biochemistry
a. Carbohydrates
b. Proteins
c. Enzymes
d. Lipids
e. Nucleic Acids
f. Minerals of Biological Significance
22. Industrial Chemistry
a. Introduction to Chemical process industry and Raw Materials used
b. Safety Considerations in Process industries
c. Dyes
d. Pesticides
e. Petrochemicals
f. Synthetic Polymers (PVS and Nylon)
g. Cosmetics: Lipsticks, Nail Varnish and Remover, Hair Dyes
h. Adhesives
23. Environmental Chemistry
a. Chemistry of the troposphere
b. Chemistry of Stratosphere
c. Water Pollution and Water Treatment
d. Green Chemistry
24. Analytical Chemistry
a. Classical Method of Analysis (Combustion analysis and determination of molecular formula)
b. Modern Methods of Analysis (Spectroscopy, Spectroscopic Methods)
PHYSICS
1. Measurement
a. The scope of Physics
b. SI Base, Supplementary and derived units
c. Errors and uncertainties
d. Use of significant figures
e. Precision and accuracy
f. Dimensionality
2. Vectors and Equilibrium
a. Cartesian Coordinate system
b. Addition of vectors by head to tail rule
c. Addition of vectors by perpendicular components
d. Scalar product of two vectors
e. Vector product of two vectors
f. Torque
g. Equilibrium of forces
h. Equilibrium of torques
3. Forces and Motion
a. Displacement
b. Average velocity and instantaneous velocity
c. Average acceleration and instantaneous acceleration
d. Review of equations of uniformity accelerated motion
e. Newton’s law of motion
f. Momentum and impulse
g. Law of conservation of momentum
h. Elastic collisions in one dimension
i. Momentum and explosive forces
j. Projectile Motion
k. Rocket Motion
4. Work and Energy
a. Work done by a constant force
b. Work as scalar product of force and displacement
c. Work against gravity
d. Work done by variable force
e. Gravitational potential at a point
f. Escape velocity
g. Power as scalar product of force and velocity
h. Work energy principle in resistive medium
i. Sources and uses of energy
a.Conventional sources of energy
b.Non-conventional sources of energy
5. Rotational and circular motion
a. Kinematics of angular motion
b. Centripetal force and centripetal acceleration
c. Orbital velocity
d. Artificial satellites
e. Artificial gravity
f. Moment of inertia
g. Angular momentum
6. Fluid Dynamics
a. Streamline and turbulent flow
b. Equation of continuity
c. Bernoullie’s equation
d. Application of bernoulli’s equation
e. Viscous fluids
f. Fluid friction
g. Terminal velocity
7. Oscillations
a. Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)
b. Circular Motion and SHM
c. Practical SHM system (mass spring and simple pendulum)
d. Energy conservation in SHM
e. Free and forced oscillations
f. Resonance
g. Damped oscillations
8. Waves
a. Periodic Waves
b. Progressive waves
c. Transverse and longitudinal waves
d. Speed of sound in air
e. Newton’s formula and Laplace correction
f. Superposition of waves
g. Modes of vibration of strings
h. Fundamental mode and harmonics
i. Vibrating air columns and organ pipes
j. Doppler effect and its applications
k. Generation, detection and use of ultrasonic
9. Physical Optics
a. Nature of light
b. Wave front
c. Huygen’s principle
d. Interference
a.Young’s double slit experiment
b.Michelson’s interferometer
e. Diffraction
f. Polarization
10. Thermodynamics
a. Thermal Equilibrium
b. Heat and Work
c. Internal Energy
d. First law of thermodynamics
e. Molar specific heats of a gas
f. Heat engine
g. Second law of thermodynamics
h. Carnot’s cycle
i. Refrigerator
j. Entropy
11. Electrostatics
a. Force between charges in different media
b. Electric field
c. Electric field of various charge configurations
d. Electric field due to dipole
e. Electric flux
f. Gauss’s law and its applications
g. Electric potential
h. Capacitors
i. Energy stored in a capacitor
12. Current electricity
a. Steady current
b. Electric potential difference
c. Resistivity and its dependence upon temperature
d. Internal resistance
e. Power dissipation in resistance
f. Thermoelectricity
g. Kirchhoff’s Laws
h. The potential divider
i. Balanced potentials (Wheatstone bridge and potentiometer)
13. Electromagnetism
a. Magnetic field of current – carrying conductor
b. Magnetic force on a current – carrying conductor
c. Magnetic flux density
d. Ampere’s law and its application in solenoid
e. Force on a moving charged particle in a magnetic field
f. e/m of an electron
g. torque on a current carrying coil in a magnetic field
h. electro-mechanical instruments
14. Electromagnetic induction
a. Induced emf
b. Faraday’s law
c. Lenz’s law
d. Eddy currents
e. Mutual inductance
f. Self-inductance
g. Energy stored by an inductor
h. Motional emf’s
i. A.C. Generator
j. A.C. Motor and Back emf
k. Transformer
15. Alternating Current
a. Alternating Current (AC)
b. Instantaneous, peak and rms values of AC
c. Phase, Phase lag and phase lead in AC
d. AC through a resistor
e. AC through a capacitor
f. AC through an inductor
g. Impedance
h. RC series circuit
i. RL series circuit
j. Power in AC circuits
k. Resonant circuits
l. Electrocardiography
m. Principle of metal detectors
n. Maxwell’s equations and electromagnetic waves
16. Physics of solids
a. Classification of solids
b. Mechanical properties of solids
c. Elastic limit and yield strength
d. Electrical properties of solids
e. Superconductors
f. Magnetic properties of solids
17. Electronics
a. Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors
b. P&N type substances
c. Electrical conductivity by electron and holes
d. PN Junction
e. Forward and reverse biased PN Junction characteristics
f. Half and full wave rectification
g. Uses of specially designed PN junctions
h. Transistor and its characteristics
i. Transistor as an amplifier (C-E Configuration)
18. Dawn of Modern Physics
a. Special Theory of relativity
b. Quantum theory of radiation
c. Photoelectric effect
d. Compton’s effect
e. Pair production and pair annihilation
f. Wave nature of particles
g. Electron microscope
h. Uncertainty principle
19. Atomic Spectra
a. Atomic spectra
b. Emission of spectral lines
c. Ionization and excitation potentials
d. Inner shell transitions and characteristics X – Rays
e. Laser
20. Nuclear Physics
a. Composition of atomic nuclei
b. Isotopes
c. Mass spectrograph
d. Mass defect and binding energy
e. Radioactivity (properties of alpha, beta and gamma rays)
f. Energy from nuclear decay
g. Half-life and rate of decay
h. Interaction of radiation with matter
i. Radiation detectors (GM counter and solid state detector)
j. Nuclear reactions
k. Nuclear fission (fission chain reaction)
l. Nuclear reactors (types of nuclear reactor)
m. Nuclear fusion ( nuclear reaction in sun)
n. Radiation exposure
o. Biological and medical uses of radiation (radiation therapy, diagnosis of diseases, tracers
techniques)
p. Basic forces of nature
q. Elementary particles and particle classification (hadrons, leptons and quarks)
